Принципы и преимущества и недостатки ядерных батарей
It is well known that when radioactive material decays, it releases charged particles that, if used correctly, can cause an electric current. Typically, unstable (i.e. radioactive) nuclei decay, becoming more stable as they release particles and energy. Nuclear batteries are made using the principle of radioactive decay releasing energy. Nuclear batteries have been used in the military and aerospace fields, but they are often bulky. One of the important challenges in battery development in the past is that in order to improve performance, the size of the battery is often larger than the product itself. A research team led by Kwonjae-wan, a professor of computer engineering at the University of Missouri in the United States, has succeeded in slimming down a nuclear battery to develop a small but powerful nuclear battery. But the nuclear battery developed by kwon's team is just over a cent (1.95 centimeters in diameter and 1.55 millimeters thick), but it has a million times the energy of conventional chemical batteries. The University of Missouri team said their goal in developing small nuclear batteries was to find the right energy source for microelectromechanical systems, perhaps at the nanoscale. How to find a small enough energy source device for micro- and nano-scale electromechanical systems is a research hotspot, and microdevices are also a research hotspot.
Преимущества и недостатки ядерных батарей
преимущество:
На количество и скорость энергии, выделяемой ядерной батареей при распаде, не влияют температура, химические реакции, давление, электромагнитные поля и т.п.
Изотопы, из которых состоят ядерные батареи, могут работать долго, возможно, до 5000 лет.
недостаток:
Необходимо предотвратить радиоактивное заражение; после установки батареи ее электрические характеристики будут снижаться по мере распада радиоактивного источника, независимо от того, использовался он или нет.
